Padlock
A padlock is a portable lock that is generally used to restrict access to and area or enclosure, or to prevent theft. They can utilize a wide range of lock designs, but pin-tumbler and warded mechanisms are used most commonly.
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Components
Body
The part which encases the locking mechanism and toe and heel of the shackle is called the body. Padlock bodies are generally created through either laminated or die casting. Laminated bodies are created by punching out plates of metal then stacking an assembling them. Die cast bodies are crated by pouring molten metal into a mold. Bodies often have a drain hole in them to drain and liquids from inside.
Different metals for bodies offer different advantages
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Laminated body
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Die cast body
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Shackle
The shackle is a the rod on the padlock that is affixed to another object or objects. It is the part usually attacked in a force entry, where it is often cut with bolt cutters. The end which leaves the body when it is unlocked it call the shackle toe, while the end that stays attaching it call the shackle heel.
Shroud
The shroud is to the body which covers the shackle or bolt. Padlocks that use a shroud are called "shrouded" and are less susceptible to destructive entry.
Locking Mechanism
The locking mechanism is the component which prevent the shackle from leaving the body until the correct key or combination is used. Locking mechanism which prevent the key from leaving the lock while opened are known as key retaining.